| High School
P3.1 Basic Forces in Nature
Objects can interact with each other by “direct
contact” (e.g., pushes or pulls, friction) or
at a distance (e.g., gravity, electromagnetism, nuclear).
- Physics
Animations
Provides good application applets to help students
visualize the motion of objects to help them better
apply their knowledge.
- Frank
Potter's Science Gems
Excellent site for student interaction with
several concepts, including, force, motion, acceleration,
gravity, velocity, etc... Includes several student
activities where students are able to change the
parameters. Contains many links to other sites on
this subject.
P3.2 Net Forces
Forces have magnitude and direction. The net force
on an object is the sum of all the forces acting on
the object. Objects change their speed and/or direction
only when a net force is applied. If the net force
on an object is zero, there is no change in motion
(Newton’s First Law).
- Net
Force New
This site explains the nature of net force. It has
drawings showing examples of net force acting on
a textbook.
- Net
Force - Animation New
This site allows the student to see how three forces
act on an orange disk. Drag the heads of the arrows
representing these forces to observe the effect
on the net force.
- Physics
Classroom - "Circular, Satellite, and Rotational
Motion: Multimedia Physics Studio"
Learn how Newton's laws apply to the motion
of roller coaster riders in loops as well as planets
orbiting the Sun.
- The
Net Force New
The site explains why "Net Force" is important
and how to find the net force.
- The
Physics Classroom - Net Force New
This site explains the calculations of net force
acting upon an object. The site shows examples of
calculations used to determine net force.
P3.3 Newton’s Third Law
Whenever one object exerts a force on another object,
a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
is exerted back on the first object.
- Physics
Classroom - "Newton's Laws"
Newton's three laws of motion are explained
and their application to the analysis of the motion
of objects in one dimension is discussed. Interactive
demonstrations allow students to manipulate variables.
Lessons include: Newton's First Law of Motion, Force
and Its Representation, Newton's Second Law of Motion,
Newton's Third Law of Motion.
- Physics
Classroom - "Newton's Laws: Multimedia Physics
Studio"
Observe elephants and feathers, automobiles and
skydivers to learn about the physics of air resistance,
free-fall, inertia, and Newton's laws of motion.
P3.4 Forces and Acceleration
The change of speed and/or direction (acceleration)
of an object is proportional to the net force and
inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
The acceleration and net force are always in the same
direction.
- Frank
Potter's Science Gems
Excellent site for student interaction with
several concepts, including, force, motion, acceleration,
gravity, velocity, etc... Includes several student
activities where students are able to change the
parameters. Contains many links to other sites on
this subject.
- Physics
Classroom - "Kinematics: Multimedia Physics
Studio"
The motion of automobiles, Hot Wheel cars, and rockets
are used to illustrate the physics of position,
velocity, acceleration, and kinematic graphing.
P3.5x Momentum
A moving object has a quantity of motion (momentum)
that depends on its velocity and mass. In interactions
between objects, the total momentum of the objects
does not change.
- Physics
Classroom - "Momentum and Collision: Multimedia
Physics Studio"
The law of momentum of conservation is clearly
illustrated through numerous animations from the
big catch to the big crash.
- Physics
Classroom - "Momentum & Its Conservation"
The impulse-momentum change theorem and the
law of conservation momentum are introduced, explained
and applied to the analysis of collisions of objects.
Lessons include Impulse Momentum Change Theorem
and The Law of Momentum Conservation.
P3.6 Gravitational Interactions
Gravitation is a universal attractive force that a
mass exerts on every other mass. The strength of the
gravitational force between two masses is proportional
to the masses and inversely proportional to the square
of the distance between them.
- Physics
Classroom - "Circular Motion and Planetary
Motion"
Newton's laws of motion and kinematic principles
are applied to describe and explain the motion of
objects moving in circles; specific applications
are made to roller coasters and athletics. Newton's
Universal Law of Gravitation is then presented and
utilized to explain the circular and elliptical
motion of planets and satellites.
- The
Virtual Visitor Center - Gravitational Interactions
New
The site explains the nature of gravitational interactions
between two objects. This site explains several
approaches to explain the nature of gravity: Quantum
Gravity and the String Theory are explored.
P3.7 Electric Charges
Electric force exists between any two charged objects.
Oppositely charged objects attract, while objects
with like charge repel. The strength of the electric
force between two charged objects is proportional
to the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between them (Coulomb’s
Law).
- Electric
Charge and Coulomb's Law New
This site explains the nature of electric charge,
the law of conservation of charge, electro static
charging, and Coulomb's Law.
- Electrical
Charge New
This is a School for Champions educational website.The
site uses text and diagrams to explain the nature
of electrical charges. The site has a mini quiz
to check student's understanding.
- Physics4Kids
- Coulomb Basics New
This site explains Coulomb's Law, one of the basic
ideas of electricity in physics.
P3.7x Electric Charges — Interactions
Charged objects can attract electrically neutral objects
by induction.
- Charges
and Fields New
After studying this section, you will (a) be familiar
with the concept of charge and know and be able
to apply Coulomb's law, (b) know that the algebraic
sum of charges are conserved during charge transfer,
(c) know the difference between conductors and insulators,
and (d) understand the concepts of electric field
and electric field lines.
- Molecular
Expression - Electricity and Magnetism New
Over 40 interactive Java tutorials can be found
here that will support the study of physics. These
include the effect of an electromagnetic field on
a compass, cathode rays and Lenz's law.
- Physics
2000 - Electric Force Fields New
A basic explaination of electric force fields. Several
Applets allow the user to explore how objects are
affected by an electric field.
- Physics4Kids
- Electric Field Basics New
The site explains electrostatic fields. The site
explains how an electric field is created and how
its strength can be measured. How capacitors store
electrical charges is explained.
- The
Physics Classroom - Charge and Charge Interactions
New
Charge interactions and the influence of electric
force on objects are explained at this site. The
site also has a nice explaination of the methods
of charging, and the nature of electircal force.
P3.p8 Magnetic Force (prerequisite)
Magnets exert forces on all objects made of ferromagnetic
materials (e.g., iron, cobalt, and nickel) as well
as other magnets. This force acts at a distance. Magnetic
fields accompany magnets and are related to the strength
and direction of the magnetic force. (prerequisite)
- Physics4Kids
- Magnets New
This site explains how a magnet works and gives
a good explaination of the different types of magnets.
- Physics4Kids
- Magnetic Field Basics New
The site explains the difference between magnetic
fields and electric fields. This site has everything
you need to know about magnetic fields.
P3.8x Electromagnetic Force
Magnetic and electric forces are two aspects of a
single electromagnetic force. Moving electric charges
produce magnetic forces and moving magnets produce
electric forces (e.g., electric current in a conductor.
- Build
Beakman's Electric Motor
See a very easy way for your middle or high school
students to build and even take home a motor of
their own for little money and easy to find materials.
Many links to similar sites and scroll down to the
end for directions to build. Note: Play with
the motor yourself ahead of time, many materials
can be adjusted from the suggested materials. (such
as… ring magnets instead of rectangular, plastic
cup for base instead of wood block, vary wire loop
sizes by getting different dowel sizes instead of
toilet paper roll, different gauge wire… many opportunities
for discovery for students)
- How
Stuff Works - Electric Motor
A list of where electrical motors are used around
the home and a diagram of an electric motor and
it's parts and how they work. Continue on for two
more pages about electric motors and their diagrams.
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